A pattern recognition receptor called toll-like receptor 13 detects pathogens in a manner that is different to that seen in other pathogen sensors.

Mechanisms that enable wild mice to survive infection with strains of the Toxoplasma gondii parasite virulent enough to kill laboratory mice offer an explanation for how these parasites have been able to persist in the mouse population.

Fluorescent sensors for the hormone abscisic acid have been developed using a high-throughput platform, and used to monitor hormone dynamics in plant roots and leaves.

The convergent evolution of unusually strict substrate specificity in apicomplexan LDHs arose by classic neofunctionalization of a duplicated MDH gene via few mutations of large effect.

HOIL-1 deficiency in mice results in a severe immunodeficiency that is effectively complemented by chronic infection with a murine gamma-herpesvirus.

The cytotoxicity exerted by CD8⁺ T cells against parasitized erythroblasts helps to protect against blood-stage malaria by making parasitized cells susceptible to phagocytosis.

Analysis of chromerid algal genomes reveals how apicomplexans have evolved from free-living algae into successful eukaryotic parasites via massive losses and re-inventing functional roles of genes.

Proliferation and differentiation of CD8⁺ T cells into terminal effectors occurs in the marginal zone and red pulp, and is promoted by IL-12 through direct and indirect mechanisms.

The Toxoplasma parasite requires an enzyme called ASP5 to cleave proteins for export into host cells.