Interactions between HIV-1 Env and human mannose receptor enhance HIV entry but restrict viral egress and spread in the absence of Vpr.

Population cortical recordings and computational network modeling support a novel mechanism underlying spontaneous UP-DOWN dynamics consisting on non-rhythmic transitions between a silent attractor and a low-rate inhibition-stabilized attractor.

The Aire-dependent genes show a preference for short 3’UTR transcript isoforms resulting in the escape from the post-transcriptional repression mediated by miRNAs in medullary thymic epithelial cells.

RNA virus replication is attenuated by an intrinsic restriction mechanism after introducing CpG/UpA dinucleotides into both non-translated and coding regions of viral genomes, which may be exploited in the design of attenuated virus vaccines.

Perceptual learning is specific because of the absence of bottom-up stimulation and top-down modulation at the untrained conditions.

Everyday soundscapes dynamically engage attention towards target sounds or salient ambient events, with both attentional forms engaging the same fronto-parietal network but in a push-pull competition for limited neural resources.

Client protein-driven reversal of endoplasmic reticulum chaperone (BiP) mediated-repression is revealed as a principal component of the regulation of the unfolded protein response transducer IRE1 in cells.

Scale-up of safe water supplies decreases a child's risk of urogenital schistosomiasis infection by eight-fold in a typical rural African population.

Attenuating candidate live virus vaccines by incorporating unfavoured codon pairs to reduce translation efficiency is actually mediated though changes in frequencies of CpG and UpA dinucleotides, which make viruses more visible to the innate immune system.

The crystal structure of Pur-alpha in complex with DNA reveals its molecular mechanisms of nucleic-acid binding and unwinding, allowing for a better understanding of its essential role in neurons.