Calcium channel blockers accelerate aortic aneurysm and cause premature aortic rupture in a mouse model of Marfan syndrome through protein kinase C-mediated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase.
The spatial and dynamic properties of self-motion signals are acquired at the first stage of otolith signal transformation, which is in the brainstem and cerebellum, and conserved across brainstem, cerebellar and cortical areas.
Epistatic interactions of rare loss of function mutations in SMAD6 and a common variant modifier near BMP2 are the most common cause of midline craniosynostosis in humans.
In rodents and primates, there are two subtypes of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons that provide novel substrates for selective inhibition in the striatum.
Giardia, a multi-ciliated parasitic protist, maintains four different flagellar lengths by balancing flagellar length-independent IFT-mediated assembly with length-dependent kinesin-13 mediated disassembly.
Fluctuation of biomarkers is a novel way of studying system stability during stable and unstable states of health and disease, revealing the systems' ability to cope with external perturbations.
