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Molecular labeling, electrophysiology and calcium imaging have revealed a novel switching of neurotransmitter at the frog neuromuscular junction where motoneurons transiently release glutamate before acetylcholine at synapses on developing hindlimb muscles at the onset of metamorphosis.

Human skeletal muscle progenitors and motor neurons self-organize in three-dimensional co-culture to form functional neuromuscular junctions that developmentally mature from the embryonic to the adult state.

Efficiency measures the fundamental link between agonist binding and protein conformational change, and in nicotinic receptors has 5 values that calibrate energy changes in the induced fit that triggers activation.

We are writing to comment on the article by Mohebi et al., 2023: we show that blue light alters the fluorescent properties of a genetically-encoded dopamine sensor in a manner that may be misconstrued as phasic dopamine release.

Experience alters neurotransmitter release from different axonal compartments in different ways, allowing a set of neurons to coherently modulate behavior through diverse actions on multiple downstream circuits.

Hsp47 positively regulates the functional surface expression of endogenous GABA_A receptors and plays a critical and general role in the maturation of Cys-loop neuroreceptors.

Sequential neuromodulation by acetylcholine and dopamine enables correlational synaptic learning which, when incorporated into a computational model, yields effective navigation toward changing reward locations as in natural foraging behavior.

A new pathway is described involving the estrogen receptor alpha in the acute response of small arteries to flow independent of the ligand (estrogen) and of the nuclear signaling.

Asparagine 88 to lysine (N88K), a prevalent congenital myasthenic syndrome mutation of Rapsyn, impairs the neuromuscular junction by disrupting agrin signaling.

Retinal waves are correlated with calcium transients in Müller cells, demonstrating that spontaneous activity encompasses both neuronal and glial networks during a crucial period of retinal development.