A sudden fall in the levels of the coenzyme NADPH within cells could have a central role in the process of aging.

Long-lived intermediate states formed by glycoprotein catalysts are an essential part of the process used by influenza virus particles to infect cells.

The recycling of transmitter vesicles at synapses shows calcium-dependent regulation that depends on the phosphorylation status of an enzyme called dynamin.

A starvation-induced drop in cytosolic pH promotes assembly of budding yeast glutamine synthetase into enzymatically inactive filaments that function as enzyme storage depots.

Systems level modeling of cyanobacterial mechanism for concentrating carbon dioxide shows optimal organization and enzymatic activity for enhanced carbon fixation.

Increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide reduce the mineral content but increase the levels of starch and sugars found in crop plants; which could exacerbate both obesity and malnutrition in some human populations.

Protons are pumped out of mother cells by a protein that accumulates over time and this leads to cellular aging, but this protein is largely absent from daughter cells, which mediates rejuvenation.

Drep-2 is the first representative of the evolutionary conserved CIDE-N protein family found at synapses and is required for associative learning by functionally intersecting with metabotropic signaling.

Spontaneous fusion of vesicles at synapses is regulated independently of fusion triggered by action potentials, adding to evidence that the two types of fusion have distinct functions.

Oculocutaneous albinism II (OCA2) contributes to a melanosome-specific anion channel that modulates organellar pH and is critical for melanin synthesis.