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Genome wide association analyses in a wild-derived Drosophila melanogaster population uncover extensive variation in cuticular hydrocarbon composition, which may present a target for natural selection and adaptive evolution.

In response to starvation, C. elegans converts a favorable pheromone that induces aggregation to an unfavorable one that induces a stress-resistant larval stage, thereby altering its chemical message without having to synthesize new pheromones de novo.

Acetate concentration, which is significantly increased in association with energy stresses such as those that occur with diabetes or starvation, is emerging as a novel 'ketone body' with potential as a parameter for evaluating the progression of energy stress.

A nightshade family gene cluster creates phenotypic novelty in trichome defensive metabolites via evolution of lipid metabolic enzymes.

A novel dimethylsulfoniopropionate lyase was identified, which catalyzes dimethyl sulfide releasing by a new mechanism and is found in several bacterial lineages, revealing its important roles in global sulfur cycling.

An unexpected new biological function was discovered for the universally conserved cofactor lipoate, as lipoate-binding proteins proved essential for a novel wide-spread prokaryotic sulfur oxidation pathway.

Volatile anesthetics impair hepatic tricarboxylic acid cycle function in adult and neonatal mice, with citrate accumulation driving a neonate-specific inhibition of beta-oxidation and ketosis through their increased relative sensitivity to malonyl-CoA.

Skeletal muscle mitochondrial pyruvate carrier disruption increases muscle fatty acid oxidation and systemic glucose turnover that drive whole-body leanness.

Cycles of palmitoylation-depalmitoylation by an upstream palmitoyltransferase allow precise tuning of DHHC6 activity, which in turn regulates the abundance and function of key ER proteins involved in protein folding, degradation, ER architecture and calcium homeostasis.

The C2-domain of cytoplasmic phospholipase A₂α is structurally designed to target PC-rich membrane regions to increase the enzymatic efficiency of the catalytic domain, which prefers PCs with polyunsaturated acyl chains.