During adult neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb, microglia regulate the elimination (pruning), formation, and maintenance of synapses on newborn neurons, contributing to the functional integrity of the olfactory bulb circuitry.

The GABA input switching from excitatory to inhibitory during maturation of adult-born dentate granule cells is crucial for their integration into the preexisting circuit.

Enriched environment stimulates neuron generation in the hippocampus by a novel pathway involving Agrin, Lrp4, and Ror2.

Future work using recombinant AAV as an experimental tool in the dentate gyrus or as a gene therapy for diseases of the central nervous system should be carefully evaluated.

Adult neural stem cells differ in the types of neurons they generate according to their location and new territories and genes associated with dorsal and ventral neurogenic lineages in the adult mouse brain are revealed.

Adult-born neurons in the olfactory bulb allow state-dependent pattern separation of representations of similar odorants.

Adult neurogenesis, although happening at a slow rate in the adult brain, plays an important role in learning and memory and has the ability to powerfully modulate large scale neural networks.

Exposing rats to acute stress increased the generation of new neurons in a subregion of the hippocampus, and improved the animals' performance in a memory task two weeks later.

Adult neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb is not a turnover system but represents a lifelong neuronal addition mechanism.

Planarian brain neurons modulate their turnover by signaling to nearby stem cells.