The formation of new neurons in the adult dentate gyrus causes a proportion of cortical neurons to transfer their existing connections to the newborn cells.
While both implicit and explicit learning augment neurogenesis, adult-born cells differ in their morphology, functional coupling and inhibitory action impacting differentially the olfactory bulb output.
The classical experimental paradigm of "enriched environments" is repositioned as a tool to address the question of how behavioral activity and the environment contribute to specific differences between individuals.
Immature and mature granule cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus show differing responses to physiologically relevant stimuli, with immature cells better at encoding stimulus frequency and mature cells better at encoding stimulus onset.
Parenchymal astrocytes are quiescent neural stem cells whose neurogenic potential can be unleashed by targeted manipulations guided by single-cell RNA sequencing data.
In adult mouse hippocampus, neural stem cell and their progeny communicate via Lunatic Fringe mediated Notch signaling to regulate stem cell quiescence, division, and fate.
Structural brain plasticity is encoded in the topographic distribution of Toll receptors and their ability to switch between alternative signalling outcomes, thus translating diverse sensory experience into structural change.
Neural progenitors reside in relative low oxygen in the subgranular zone (SGZ), and the higher tissue oxygen levels that these cells must face as they migrate away from the hypoxic areas and differentiate appear to cause oxidative damage and an early phase of cell death.
The higher amount of cortical immature neurons in brains with expanded neocortices may represent a reservoir of young cells for mammals with reduced neurogenesis.
