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Neuron-specific sequencing of aged wild-type, daf-2, and daf-16;daf-2 mutants revealed transcriptomic changes with age, and in longevity mutants, putative neuroprotective genes are upregulated, which are required for prolonged cognitive functions.

Different Purkinje cell subpopulations show distinct developmental profiles of physiological activity, climbing fiber inputs and axonal and dendritic morphology, matching different timelines of cerebellum-dependent behaviors.

In replicative ageing yeast cells, an age-dependent impediment in proper assembly of nuclear pore complexes is associated with altered nuclear transport.

From middle childhood to early adulthood, the preference to engage with novel choice options remained consistent, but aversion to reward uncertainty increased.

Mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss causes changes in the neurophysiological functioning that emerge during adolescence, as suggested by both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs.

Prediction error responses in layer 2/3 of mouse visual cortex are shaped by experience-dependent modifications of the local cortical circuit.

SLC7A8 a neutral amino acid transporter has a key role in the maintenance of hearing during aging and its absence causes early onset of hearing loss.

Oxytocin in the amygdala suppresses freezing of mothers when exposed to a threat in the presence of their offspring, allowing for pup protection and transmission of information about danger from mothers to pups.

Songbirds can use arbitrary visual cues to immediately, flexibly and adaptively control syntax of learned song vocalizations in a manner that parallels human cognitive control over syllable sequencing in speech.

By demonstrating song learning-related synaptic strengthening and pruning in the vocal control circuits of songbirds, and showing how such changes can reduce the sensitivity of the circuit to ‘noisy’ inputs, a simple neural circuit mechanism for regulating motor variability during motor skill learning is identified.