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    1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Developmental Biology

    Amplification of a broad transcriptional program by a common factor triggers the meiotic cell cycle in mice

    Mina L Kojima, Dirk G de Rooij, David C Page
    The switch from mitotic cell cycles to the one meiotic cell cycle in each generation is triggered through dramatic upregulation of a broad gene expression program by transcriptional regulator STRA8.
    1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Common genetic variations in telomere length genes and lung cancer: a Mendelian randomisation study and its novel application in lung tumour transcriptome

    Ricardo Cortez Cardoso Penha, Karl Smith-Byrne ... James D Mckay
    A novel Mendelian randomisation framework unravels one gene expression component, correlated with proliferation and genome stability-related features, associated with telomere length in lung adenocarcinoma tumours, which provides insights into how telomere length influences the genetic basis of lung cancer aetiology.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Dynamically evolving novel overlapping gene as a factor in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

    Chase W Nelson, Zachary Ardern ... Xinzhu Wei
    A novel, overlapping, putatively functional gene in SARS-CoV-2, ORF3d, is absent from close relatives of SARS-CoV-2 and may have contributed to the biology, emergence, or spread of the virus.
    1. Developmental Biology

    Building the vertebrate codex using the gene breaking protein trap library

    Noriko Ichino, MaKayla R Serres ... Stephen C Ekker
    The analysis of the first 1000 revertible protein trap alleles in zebrafish resulted in new functional genomic annotations and produced a panel of potential new models of human disease.
    1. Developmental Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Evolution and cell-type specificity of human-specific genes preferentially expressed in progenitors of fetal neocortex

    Marta Florio, Michael Heide ... Michael Hiller
    Transcriptomic and genomic analysis provides a resource of 50 primate-specific genes preferentially expressed in neural progenitors of fetal human neocortex, 15 of which are specific to humans.
    1. Genetics and Genomics

    Fast turnover of genome transcription across evolutionary time exposes entire non-coding DNA to de novo gene emergence

    Rafik Neme, Diethard Tautz
    Deep sequencing of transcriptomes from closely related taxa shows that the whole genome can become subject to evolutionary testing within a short time frame via de novo evolution of genes.
    1. Cancer Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    A small protein encoded by a putative lncRNA regulates apoptosis and tumorigenicity in human colorectal cancer cells

    Xiao Ling Li, Lőrinc Pongor ... Ashish Lal
    Discovery and initial characterization of a conserved small protein translated from a transcript annotated as a human long non-coding RNA.
    1. Immunology and Inflammation

    Sexual dimorphism in obesity is governed by RELMα regulation of adipose macrophages and eosinophils

    Jiang Li, Rebecca E Ruggiero-Ruff ... Meera G Nair
    The small macrophage-secreted protein RELMα is a sex-specific protein that protects against diet-induced obesity through regulating the macrophage–eosinophil innate immune axis in the adipose tissue.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Vision-related convergent gene losses reveal SERPINE3’s unknown role in the eye

    Henrike Indrischek, Juliane Hammer ... Michael Hiller
    Specific evolutionary gene loss signatures indicated an eye-related function for the uncharacterized SERPINE3 gene, which was experimentally confirmed by zebrafish gene knockouts, showing how comparative genomics can provide insights into the function of uncharacterized genes.
    1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Inter-species association mapping links splice site evolution to METTL16 and SNRNP27K

    Matthew T Parker, Sebastian M Fica ... Gordon G Simpson
    A computational approach examines the roles of splicing factors and their association with evolutionary change in splicing.