Legionella pneumophila can be inhibited by its own antimicrobial, HGA (homogentisic acid), but its density-dependent resistance to HGA restricts the potential for self-harm.
The major evolutionary routes to drug resistance in Salmonella Typhi are associated with fitness benefits, not fitness costs, implying that prudent antimicrobial use will have no effect as a public health intervention in controlling typhoid fever.
The way that bacteria grow—either floating in liquid or attached to a surface—affects their ability to evolve antimicrobial resistance and our ability to treat infections.
Interventions in feedlots and abattoirs place selective pressure on the beef cattle resistome, which differentially impacts the public health risk of antimicrobial resistance from beef production sources.
Bacteria growing in biofilms evolve antimicrobial resistance via different pathways and generate greater genetic diversity than well-mixed populations, selecting fitter but less resistant genotypes.
HIV co-infection does not affect Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutation rates and does not drive the emergence of antimicrobial resistance within patients in the largest outbreak of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Latin America to date.
The burden of antimicrobial resistance in Thailand is deteriorating over time, and 19,122 deaths in the country in 2010 were excess deaths caused by multidrug-resistant bacterial infection.
The asymptomatic colonization and importation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospital settings can be inferred from observed cases using combined model-inference methods and used to inform improved interventions.
Ceftriaxone resistance has arisen multiple times in clinical gonococcal populations via previously undescribed RNA polymerase mutations, underscoring the importance of continued surveillance for novel resistance determinants.
Adaptational tradeoffs constrain the evolutionary pathways towards antimicrobial resistance, but highly fit mutants are nevertheless likely to arise at any concentration of the drug.
