Rats show socially selective helping behavior based on familiarity with the type of rat, but not necessarily the individual rat.

Output neurons in the mushroom body of the fruit fly brain encode the positive or negative survival value of stimuli, enabling insects to choose adaptive approach and avoidance behaviors through associative learning.

Data-driven systems biology models of signaling predict cellular response to untested perturbations and can nominate drug combinations to overcome drug resistance in cancer cells.

Female mosquitoes are exquisitely sensitive to human body heat, and the TRPA1 gene is required to focus their attraction toward thermal stimuli resembling warm-blooded hosts.

The diversity of electrophysiological phenotypes of neurons in a functional network increases over development, but can be modulated, and even reduced by sensory experience; allowing them to adapt to a changing and growing brain.

The hippocampus features a double dissociation in its circuits with respect to the regulation of fear and anxiety, with CA3 and the dentate gyrus implicated in anxiety and CA1 in fear.

A new method that uses the cellular neuroanatomy of neuronal connectivity to quickly and robustly reconstruct neuronal circuits in Drosophila from large electron microscopy volumes.

The enzyme PKMzeta is crucial for the maintenance of long-term memories, but a closely related enzyme provides a back-up should PKMzeta fail, thus explaining the controversy over why deleting the gene for PKMzeta may not appear to impair memory.

Echolocating bats may recognize locations in the environment (and navigate to them) by remembering the specific echo signature of those locations.

The neural mechanisms that underlie the maintenance of social bonds between prairie voles suggest that social support networks may be a powerful way of treating addiction.