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Echolocating bats may recognize locations in the environment (and navigate to them) by remembering the specific echo signature of those locations.

Hypothetical battles between animals can be used to interest the general public in biology.

Maladaptive changes of pro-nociceptive neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala drive the chronification of muscle pain and comorbid affective behaviors.

Chronic pain distorts intensity coding in the anterior cingulate cortex to give rise to generalized anatomically nonspecific enhancement in pain aversion.

Rat behavior and dopamine release are preferentially modulated by subjective rather than objective evaluation of outcomes in a social setting.

The enzyme PKMzeta is crucial for the maintenance of long-term memories, but a closely related enzyme provides a back-up should PKMzeta fail, thus explaining the controversy over why deleting the gene for PKMzeta may not appear to impair memory.

Neurons projecting from prelimbic cortex to paraventricular thalamus bias approach decisions to ambiguous stimuli.

Electrophysiological recordings and optogenetics reveal how the dorsal periaqueductal gray and basolateral amygdala interact in antipredatory responses, with a potential intermediary role for the midline thalamus.

Building on previous work (Aso et al., 2014a; Aso et al., 2014b), cell-type-specific drivers and optogenetics are used to control the local release of dopamine and reveal that distinct learning rules are implemented in parallel memory units.

Pre-existing variability in the regulation of non-rapid eye movement sleep predicts resilience to social-defeat stress.