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    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Optical manipulation of sphingolipid biosynthesis using photoswitchable ceramides

    Matthijs Kol, Ben Williams ... James A Frank
    Photoswitchable ceramides containing an azobenzene photoswitch behave as light-controllable substrates for both sphingomyelin synthase and glucosylceramide synthase.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Unexpected sequences and structures of mtDNA required for efficient transcription from the first heavy-strand promoter

    Akira Uchida, Divakaran Murugesapillai ... Craig E Cameron
    Hypervariable regions of mtDNA contribute to transcriptional regulation by serving as sites for TFAM binding and looping.
    1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Cell Biology

    Mechanical force induces mitochondrial fission

    Sebastian Carsten Johannes Helle, Qian Feng ... Benoît Kornmann
    Mechanically stimulating mitochondria causes them to divide via the recruitment of the mitochondrial fission machinery to the mechanically strained site, showing that intracellular organelles can be mechanoresponsive.
    1. Plant Biology

    Altered N-glycan composition impacts flagella-mediated adhesion in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

    Nannan Xu, Anne Oltmanns ... Michael Hippler
    Adhesion force measurements reveal that proper N-glycosylation of flagellar membrane proteins is crucial for adhering C. reinhardtii cells onto surfaces.
    1. Physics of Living Systems

    Increasing evidence of mechanical force as a functional regulator in smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase

    Fabian Baumann, Magnus Sebastian Bauer ... Hermann Eduard Gaub
    Atomic force microscopy based single-molecule force spectroscopy of smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase strongly indicates the existence of a mechanically triggerable activation pathway analogous to its well-established biochemical regulation pathway via calcium-loaded calmodulin.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Resolving dual binding conformations of cellulosome cohesin-dockerin complexes using single-molecule force spectroscopy

    Markus A Jobst, Lukas F Milles ... Michael A Nash
    A single-molecule approach is able to discriminate the redundant binding conformations of cellulosomal dockerin based on differences in their mechanical properties.
    1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Real time dynamics of Gating-Related conformational changes in CorA

    Martina Rangl, Nicolaus Schmandt ... Simon Scheuring
    High-speed atomic force microscopy reveals that the open state of the divalent ion channel CorA is highly dynamic and defined by the fast exchange between conformations.
    1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Cell Biology

    Dynamic clustering of dynamin-amphiphysin helices regulates membrane constriction and fission coupled with GTP hydrolysis

    Tetsuya Takeda, Toshiya Kozai ... Kohji Takei
    A new approach using combination of electron microscopy (EM) and high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) clearly demonstrates dynamics of dynamin-amphiphysin complexes during membrane constriction and fission suggesting a novel 'clusterase' model of the dynamin-mediated membrane fission.
    1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Single molecule compression reveals intra-protein forces drive cytotoxin pore formation

    Daniel M Czajkowsky, Jielin Sun ... Zhifeng Shao
    Compressive force spectroscopy of single molecules reveals that intra-protein forces underlie the long-distance coordination of structural changes within a cytotoxin during pore formation.
    1. Neuroscience
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Assembly of recombinant tau into filaments identical to those of Alzheimer’s disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy

    Sofia Lövestam, Fujiet Adrian Koh ... Sjors HW Scheres
    Laboratory-based methods are presented that produce filamentous tau aggregates with the same structures as those observed in neurodegenerative disease.