Detailed structural analysis of NPAS1-ARNT and NPAS3-ARNT complexes, and further comparisons with other bHLH-PAS protein structures, show that this family of mammalian transcription factors have distinct ligand-binding pockets within their molecular architectures.

Rather than acting as passive and neutral co-factors for proneural proteins, E proteins play an active role in modulating the way the distinct proneural proteins instruct neurogenesis.

Genetic and molecular characterization showed that evolutionarily conserved flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO-2) plays an important role in host defense in Caenorhabditis elegans, and its induction is dependent on conserved transcription factors, TFEB and PPAR-α.

Interplay between FGF-induced bHLH transcription factors and BMP-induced bHLH inhibitory id genes govern mesodermal cell fate choice along the mediolateral axis in both zebrafish and mouse.

Developmental genetic and cell culture studies indicate that the Inhibitor of DNA-binding protein Extra macrochaetae (Emc), previously thought to determine where bHLH proteins can act, is itself regulated by those bHLH dimerization partners at the level of protein stability.

The switch from mitotic cell cycles to the one meiotic cell cycle in each generation is triggered through dramatic upregulation of a broad gene expression program by transcriptional regulator STRA8.

Genetic analyses illustrate the novel requirement of Ftz-f1 and Sim in adult Drosophila ovaries for regulating follicle cell differentiation and ovulation that is likely conserved in mammals.

Brassinosteroids signal through a pathway involving GSK3-like kinases and the WER-GL3/EGL3-TTG1 transcription factor complex to determine the fate of cells in the root epidermis.

PRDM13, a transcriptional repressor, antagonizes activity of basic-helix-loop-helix transcriptional activators and protects the developing spinal cord from aberrant expression of ventral-restricted cell-type regulators to generate the correct composition of neurons in the dorsal spinal cord.

The collective action of six transcription factors selects and activates the regulatory regions of the HSN serotonergic neuron effector genes constituting a signature that can be used for the novo identification of HSN expressed genes.