For mice, knowing when it is time to feed is dependent on the neurotransmitter dopamine and the D1R receptor of neurons in the dorsal striatum.

Data-driven systems biology models of signaling predict cellular response to untested perturbations and can nominate drug combinations to overcome drug resistance in cancer cells.

Theoretically optimal dynamics for making decisions in unpredictable environments provide a broadly applicable framework for understanding choice behavior and underlying neural signals.

Within the monkey orbitofrontal cortex, a posterior part learns new values, whereas an anterior part translates this knowledge into advantageous decisions.

A fine-grain map of residual transmission and importation in Swaziland shows where to target malaria elimination efforts.

Paracellular, trans-tight junction channels, which communicate between two extracellular compartments without crossing the plasma membrane, are a new class of ion channel with unitary behaviors similar to traditional transmembrane channels.

Humans use a near-optimal eye movement strategy to efficiently extract information about high-level visual categories.

Computational modeling suggests that feedback between striatal cholinergic neurons and spiny neurons dynamically adjusts learning rates to optimize behavior in a variable world.

Initial confidence and choice in a decision, and their potential revision, arise from a common mechanism that challenges models that claim confidence and decision processes are dissociated.

The dependence of incentive value attribution on the anticipation of rewards within a given context is explained via a normative Bayesian account of how rewards map to incentive values.