The widespread occurrence of metabolically active streptomycetes in Odontotaenius disjunctus beetle frass may insulate their galleries against pathogenic fungal invasion through the production of diverse antimicrobial specialized metabolites.

Distinct surfaces of an interbacterial competition cell wall toxin mediate interactions with different cellular binding partners, resulting in an inherent evolutionary trade-off across the toxin superfamily.

Female mosquitoes are exquisitely sensitive to human body heat, and the TRPA1 gene is required to focus their attraction toward thermal stimuli resembling warm-blooded hosts.

Surveying Mycobacterium tuberculosis tRNA modification leads to identification of a modification promoting Mtb pathogenesis.

The hypoxia-inducible factor HIF drives transcription of the gene cyp-36A1, which encodes a cytochrome P450 enzyme that acts via a putative intercellular signal to regulate the nuclear receptor NHR-46 and consequently stress resistance and behavior.

Trimethylamine-oxide (TMAO), a molecule present in seafood, reduces mortality and exerts beneficial effects on the circulatory system in heart failure rats.

Asymmetric growth in mycobacteria requires a protein that is involved in trafficking mycolic acids to the outer membrane.

The infection of T helper lymphocytes by SARS-CoV-2, mediated via the CD4 molecule, alters cellular function and enhances expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, potentially impairing immune response in individuals with COVID-19.

Single-nociceptor tracing reveals a novel somatotopic organization for the mammalian pain system, and physiological recordings and peripheral optogenetic behavior assays suggest that it is a possible mechanism underlying region-specific pain sensation.

Onsite sanitation maybe insufficient to interrupt transmission of enteric infections in high-burden urban settings, though risk of some infections may be reduced among children protected from birth.