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Myelin-associated inhibitors and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans are not the primary mechanism stopping sensory axons regenerating into the spinal cord, although their removal can markedly enhance regeneration when combined with an intervention that elevates axon growth capacity sufficiently robustly.

Enzyme tethering of promiscuous biotinylators to the cell surface allows for more rapid and efficient comparative surface proteomic analysis of cells and extracellular vesicles.

The malaria parasite uses an enzyme called GDPD to absorb choline, an important nutrient, from the bloodstream and this is essential for the parasite to survive inside the red blood cell.

Acetylcholine, a common modulator in the brain, controls spike-frequency adaptation by specifically attenuating Ether-a-go-go related K+ currents, thereby explaining many cortical network statistical changes often observed in vivo.

During sporulation, FtsAZ filaments mediating cell division in Bacillus subtilis are positioned asymmetrically around the septum only on the mother cell side, making the septum thinner than during vegetative growth.

Heterozygous Nf1 knockout mice exhibit distinct dopaminergic phenotypes in vivo, as revealed by the genetically encoded dopamine sensor dLight1, patch clamp electrophysiology, optogenetics, and novel viral tools for morphological analysis.

The joint combination of interbranch distance and local caliber is sufficient to predict with high accuracy the distribution of myelin internodes along individual axons of neocortical GABAergic interneurons.

Nucleosomal DNAs assembled or modified by different chromatin remodeling enzymes differentially impact the origin licensing and helicase activation steps of replication initiation.