One-quarter of the Chondrichthyes have an elevated risk of extinction, mainly as a result of overfishing.

Common nuclear genetic variants are associated with fundamental biological processes occurring in human mitochondria and potentially point to novel roles for nuclear genes in transcriptional regulation of the mitochondrial genome.

Measuring HIV-1 DNA levels at the time of stopping antiretroviral therapy (when initiated during primary infection) predicts clinical progression and the time taken for plasma viraemia to become detectable.

A set of ex vivo and in vivo experiments, including genetic ablation and regeneration studies, identify a key regulatory function of SOXF factors in muscle stem cells in mice.

Methylation pace of aging is a novel measure requiring only a blood sample that clinical-trial and observational studies can use to test if treatments modify how fast participants are aging.

Among the factors that predict fitness in wild baboons, dominance rank in males, but not in females, is the best predictor of epigenetic aging.

The capacity for symbiosis between photosynthetic microalgae and early diverging lineages fungi was demonstrated with microscopy and stable isotope exchange of carbon and nitrogen.

Ultrastructural and loss-of-function experiments show that oligodendrocyte-encoded Kir4.1 is located near active axonal structures, including within myelin inner tongue, and has critical functions to promote axonal activity and preserve integrity.

Alcohol modifies dopaminergic microcircuits required for acquisition and expression of sensory memories in Drosophila resulting in a shift in behavioral response from malleable to inflexible.

Structures of a TMEM16 phospholipid scramblase reveal that its Ca²⁺-dependent activation entails global conformational changes and how these rearrangements affect the membrane to enable transbilayer lipid transfer.