Increased CD16⁺ T cell populations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid highlight a potential biomarker and immune response mechanism in Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.

Chemokine CCL28 plays a key role in shaping neutrophil responses during intestinal Salmonella infection and lung Acinetobacter infection.

A genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screening approach identified C/EBPδ as transcriptional regulator of the alarmins S100A8 and S100A9 during differentiation of monocytes and inflammatory processes in vivo.

The rapid killing of macrophages by Mycobacterium tuberculosis aggregates, and the subsequent proliferation of the bacteria inside the dead cell, leads to a cell death cascade and explains the coupling of necrosis and pathogen growth observed in active disease.

A novel species-specific detection method could obtain pathogenic bacteria information in 4 hr with high clinical sensitivity and specificity, which guided the faster antibiotic treatment in ICU and brought some clinical benefit in a real-world scenario.

Fc engineering of monoclonal antibodies strongly improves immune clearance of pneumococcus.

Transcription changes in cells taken from bronchoalveolar fluid of COVID-19 patients indicate severe disruption of coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways in the lung and suggest similar processes in other organs.

As well as preventing bone loss, bisphosphonate drugs may boost early immune responses in the lung by acting directly on alveolar macrophages that form one of the first lines of defence against infection.

Gene expression analysis reveals a novel, integrated molecular mechanism for much of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 that provides therapeutic intervention points that can be addressed with existing approved pharmaceuticals.