Sequence changes in the pneumococcal genome explain most of the variability in duration of asymptomatic carriage with serotype, antibiotic resistance and prophage accounting for the largest effects.

Being able to take up DNA from their environment might allow pneumococcal bacteria to colonize the human nose and throat for longer periods of time.

Why does the human regulatory system, which evolution tuned for small satisfactions, now constantly demand 'more'?

The proper development of the vocal cords requires embryos to contain a certain number of progenitor cells, and mutations that lead to an overflow of cells can cause malformations of the voice box.

Ending the TB epidemic requires scaling up access to new TB tools so that they can benefit the patients in low- and middle-income countries that need them the most.

Identification of a novel source of progenitor cells that form arterial valve leaflets and that, when disrupted, can lead to bicuspid arterial valve, the most common human cardiac malformation.

Regional differences in activator and inhibitor signals alter hair cycle pace across mouse skin and produce unique fur renewal 'landscapes', with fastest renewal on the ventrum and slowest renewal on the ear pinnae.

MR1T cells are human polyclonal T cells endowed with diverse effector functions in response to endogenous antigens presented by MHC-class 1-related molecule, MR1.

The helical rod structure and dynamic spring-like properties of the type 1 pilus are evolutionarily fine-tuned for functioning in host-pathogen interactions during urinary tract infection and gut colonization.

Life-threatening S. aureus infections emerge from commensal nose bacteria in association with repeatable adaptive evolution.