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The numerous reports in support of action-value representation in the striatum are based on statistical analyses that are subject to two critical confounds and, thus, this long-held belief of striatal action-value representation should be retested using different experiments and analyses.

The gut microbe-derived metabolite trimethylamine (TMA) is elevated in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis and inhibition of the gut microbial enzymes that produce TMA may serve as a tractable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ethanol-induced liver injury.

Amygdala/temporal-prefrontal cortex fibers are organised in separate amygdalofugal and uncinate bundles in humans and macaques, shaping the anatomical foundation for decision-making and socio-emotional behaviour.

Sensory activity within the superior colliculus is read out by downstream motor structures and contributes to individual saccade kinematics with single spike precision.

Bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease may be associated to a dopamine-dependent recruitment failure of subthalamic activity in short bursts of gamma synchrony.

Precisely tracking the anatomical sources of neural computations infers functional directed connectivity between hippocampal memory neurons and cortical sensory neurons, it reveals information flowing from cortex to hippocampus during encoding but the reverse direction during maintenance.

A consistent pattern of consumption of Triticeae tribe grasses documented in the Danube Gorges of the Balkans since the Early Mesolithic might have facilitated a quick uptake of domesticated cereals due to a developed cultural taste and specific stone tool processing technology.

Primary motor cortex afferents supra-linearly amplify the responses and sharpen angular tuning of neurons in the S1 barrel cortex.

A continuum of ripple oscillations in human anterior temporal lobe reflects the dynamic synchrony of populations of neurons during memory retrieval.

Regional differences in activator and inhibitor signals alter hair cycle pace across mouse skin and produce unique fur renewal 'landscapes', with fastest renewal on the ventrum and slowest renewal on the ear pinnae.