The human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 primarily spreads between cells using a method called cell-to-cell infection, suggesting that this process may be a target for anti-viral drugs.

Each dengue serotype contains moderate antigenic diversity, and population immunity drives clade turnover in a hyperendemic population.

Under conditions where the force of HIV infection per cell is high, partial attenuation of infection with inhibitors can increase the number of live infected cells and may paradoxically be beneficial for viral spread.

Immune stimulation from the microbiota prevents neurological damage associated with viral infection of the central nervous system.

Extracellular actin is an evolutionarily-conserved signal of tissue injury that is recognised in the fruit fly via similar machinery as reported in vertebrates.

Combined tissue clearing, 3D-immunofluorescence, and electron tomography spatially revealed the dynamics of early HIV-1 spread within lymphoid tissues of humanized mice at the resolution of single cells and individual virions.

Transient DNA interactions by DNA-binding proteins are utilized by herpes simple virus as an alternative route to generate membraneless compartments in the nucleus without invoking phase separation.

A high-resolution structure reveals how the RhopH complex traffics within Plasmodium-infected human erythrocytes to serve divergent, essential functions.

Advanced orthology clustering of bilaterian and non-bilaterian sequences identifies 157 bilaterian-specific genes which are linked to key morphological features of this animal group.

Nucleation, elasticity theory, and simulations were combined to construct a general phase diagram that elucidates the conditions for successful viral assembly and the key factors to prevent it.