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    1. Physics of Living Systems
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    Early life imprints the hierarchy of T cell clone sizes

    Mario U Gaimann, Maximilian Nguyen ... Andreas Mayer
    The rapid development of immune memory in infancy shapes the composition of T cell defenses throughout the human lifespan.
    1. Genetics and Genomics

    DNA damage—how and why we age?

    Matt Yousefzadeh, Chathurika Henpita ... Laura Niedernhofer
    There is now sufficient and diverse evidence to support a cogent argument that DNA damage plays a causal role in aging.
    1. Immunology and Inflammation

    Autophagy in T cells from aged donors is maintained by spermidine and correlates with function and vaccine responses

    Ghada Alsaleh, Isabel Panse ... Anna Katharina Simon
    Declining TFEB and autophagy levels with age are key to poor vaccination efficacy in the elderly.
    1. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Sex differences in biological aging with a focus on human studies

    Sara Hägg, Juulia Jylhävä
    Biological aging processes and age-related diseases demonstrate sexual dimorphism where complex interactions between underlying aging mechanisms and sex chromosomes and hormones are seen in humans and animals.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    The influence of biological and lifestyle factors on circulating cell-free DNA in blood plasma

    Nicole Laurencia Yuwono, Kristina Warton, Caroline Elizabeth Ford
    Circulating cell-free DNA studies should control for participants' physical activity to avoid its confounding effect on total cell-free DNA level.
    1. Genetics and Genomics

    Expression of most retrotransposons in human blood correlates with biological aging

    Yi-Ting Tsai, Nogayhan Seymen ... Mohammad M Karimi
    Despite no observed correlation between retrotransposon (RTE) activity and chronological age, the expression of most RTE classes and families except SINEs correlated with biological age-associated gene signature scores.
    1. Cell Biology
    2. Medicine

    Association of lithocholic acid with skeletal muscle hypertrophy through TGR5-IGF-1 and skeletal muscle mass in cultured mouse myotubes, chronic liver disease rats and humans

    Yasuyuki Tamai, Akiko Eguchi ... Hayato Nakagawa
    Lithocholic acid associates with skeletal muscle mass and plays an important role in skeletal muscle hypertrophy through activation of the bile acid receptor.
    1. Medicine
    2. Neuroscience

    APOE2 is associated with longevity independent of Alzheimer’s disease

    Mitsuru Shinohara, Takahisa Kanekiyo ... Guojun Bu
    Translational evidence indicates APOE2 benefits longevity independent of its protective effects on Alzheimer’s disease, which preserved activity and the metabolism of apoE protein and associated-lipids would be key to understanding.
    1. Developmental Biology

    Optogenetic control of gut bacterial metabolism to promote longevity

    Lucas A Hartsough, Mooncheol Park ... Jeffrey J Tabor
    Light controls can fine tune microbiome–host interaction to qualitatively regulate host longevity with temporal and spatial precision.
    1. Cell Biology

    Adiponectin preserves metabolic fitness during aging

    Na Li, Shangang Zhao ... Philipp E Scherer
    Adiponectin is an essential regulator for healthspan and is indispensable for sustaining a normal lifespan.