NMR-based flux measurements show that both bacterial and human Hsp70 chaperones interact with helical, as well as sheet substrates predominantly through a conformational selection mechanism.
Cytosolic and organellar Hsp90s from higher eukaryotes have evolved a variable, and environmentally responsive N-terminal extension to regulate their activity.
Lab-evolved 'super Spy' chaperones show enhanced flexibility, which allows them to bind to and stabilize proteins more effectively than natural chaperones.
Hsp70 chaperone provides Hsp104 with high efficiency in disaggregation and specificity towards aggregated substrates at the, otherwise limiting, cellular concentrations of adenine nucleotides.
ATP consumption enables chaperones to exploit the different kinetic properties of their conformational states to exhibit a non-equilibrium affinity for their substrates that is orders of magnitude higher than its equilibrium value.
Quantitative dissection of the roles of chaperone binding and phosphorylation in regulating heat shock factor 1 leads to a predictive model of the dynamics of the yeast heat shock response.