An interdisciplinary approach combining high throughput genotype-to-phenotype mapping, population genetic simulations, and experimental evolution provides an answer to the question of how populations evolve new functions by providing tests of the role antagonistic coevolution plays in pressuring populations to innovate.

Phylogenetic relationships between viral RNA segments are distinct between subtypes and lineages of seasonal human influenza A viruses and implicate RNA-RNA relationships as novel drivers of influenza virus evolution.

Multiobjective artificial selection methods from evolutionary computing show promise for improving directed evolution outcomes when selecting for multiple traits of interest.

Replicating experimental evolution from ancestral proteins shows that historical contingency steadily overwhelms chance and necessity as the primary cause of evolutionary variation in molecular sequences on long phylogenetic timescales.

In the dioecious plant genus Leucadendron, shifts to sex-biased gene expression occurred predominantly in genes with ancestrally high rates of expression evolution, and were not correlated with morphology.

Metabolic exaptation of an anaplerotic nitrogen cycle between bundle sheath and mesophyll cells may explain the remarkably frequent convergent evolution of C4 photosynthesis.

The behavioral repertoires from six species of flies are measured, and a statistical approach is developed to predict co-evolving behaviors, providing a potential framework for exploring behavioral evolution.

Integration of evolutionary dynamics framed through a mathematical model improved outcomes in abiraterone monotherapy for the treatment of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer.

Irreversible differentiation into somatic cells is evolutionarily optimal if changing cell phenotype is costly, a few somatic cells already improve the organism's performance, and the organism is large enough.

Loss-of-heterozygosity mutations, but not aneuploidies, are linked to the evolution of drug resistance in Candida albicans isolated from immunocompromised patients.