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    1. Neuroscience

    Elementary sensory-motor transformations underlying olfactory navigation in walking fruit-flies

    Efrén Álvarez-Salvado et al.
    A high-throughput behavioral paradigm and computational modeling are used to decompose olfactory navigation in walking Drosophila melanogaster into a set of quantitative relationships between sensory input and motor output.
    1. Neuroscience

    Attenuation of dopamine-modulated prefrontal value signals underlies probabilistic reward learning deficits in old age

    Lieke de Boer et al.
    Attenuated anticipatory activity in ventromedial prefrontal cortex is modulated by dopamine D1 receptor density in nucleus accumbens, and accounts for impaired probabilistic reward learning in older adults.
    1. Neuroscience

    Firing rate-dependent phase responses of Purkinje cells support transient oscillations

    Yunliang Zang et al.
    Computational and theoretical models show that rate adaptation of phase responses can regulate Purkinje cell outputs by forming transient oscillations in fast-spiking neurons.
    1. Neuroscience

    Homeostatic reinforcement learning for integrating reward collection and physiological stability

    Mehdi Keramati, Boris Gutkin
    A mathematical model built around the assumption that the desire to maintain internal homeostasis drives the behavior of animals, by affecting their learning processes, can explain many real-world behaviors, including some that might otherwise appear irrational.
    1. Neuroscience

    Cell-intrinsic mechanisms of temperature compensation in a grasshopper sensory receptor neuron

    Frederic A Roemschied et al.
    The firing rates of neurons in the grasshopper auditory system are surprisingly robust to changes in temperature, and cell-intrinsic mechanisms are sufficient to explain this temperature insensitivity.
    1. Neuroscience

    Cerebellar patients have intact feedback control that can be leveraged to improve reaching

    Amanda M Zimmet et al.
    A control system model of cerebellar patients' movements provides insight into the cerebellum's role in reaching and informs a virtual reality intervention to improve patient reaches.
    1. Neuroscience

    Unexpected arousal modulates the influence of sensory noise on confidence

    Micah Allen et al.
    Changes in physiological arousal – as revealed by pupil dilation and heart rate – shape our confidence in decisions about uncertain perceptual information.
    1. Neuroscience

    Rotating waves during human sleep spindles organize global patterns of activity that repeat precisely through the night

    Lyle Muller et al.
    A phase-based analysis reveals wave-like spatiotemporal organization of the human sleep spindle, a brain oscillation critical to sleep-dependent memory consolidation, and elucidates its role in coordinating activity of neural networks distributed across the cortex.
    1. Neuroscience

    'Artiphysiology' reveals V4-like shape tuning in a deep network trained for image classification

    Dean A Pospisil et al.
    Single units in a deep convolutional neural network trained for image classification develop shape selectivity that is similar to that found in the primate visual cortex.
    1. Neuroscience

    Multiplexed coding by cerebellar Purkinje neurons

    Sungho Hong et al.
    Cerebellar Purkinje neurons use a multiplexed simple spike code combining synchrony/spike time and firing rate, with each component encoding distinct information about movements such as motion onset timing and kinematics.
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