Transcription factors can read out both the sequence and the structure of the non-template DNA strand in the transcription bubble, expanding the repertoire of mechanisms to control transcription.

Biochemical analyses of transcription complexes, including kinetic studies and probes of translocational and conformational states, establish the elemental mechanism of pausing, which underlies regulation of gene expression in all organisms.

Slx9 is a newly discovered type of RanGTP-binding protein required for Crm1-mediated nuclear export.

With the removal of confounding artifacts, ribosome profiling can yield insight into the mechanism of protein synthesis in bacteria at high resolution.

CBP/p300 acetylation of histone H3 at promoters and enhancers stimulates transcriptional elongation through recruitment of the super-elongation complex and BRD4.

Cerebellar Purkinje neurons use a multiplexed simple spike code combining synchrony/spike time and firing rate, with each component encoding distinct information about movements such as motion onset timing and kinematics.

The GTPase Nog1 orchestrates stalk assembly, peptidyl transferase centre maturation and polypeptide exit tunnel quality control.

Innate lymphoid cells type 1 suffice to induce hallmarks of alopecia areata phenotype in organ-cultured human scalp hair follicles ex vivo and in human scalp skin xenotransplants in vivo, suggesting that these cells play a role in early AA pathogenesis.

Reporter-ChIP-nexus captures paused Pol II on transfected plasmids and shows that pausing stability is influenced by core promoter sequences, especially by the initiator with a G at +2 position.

The Tsr2 carrier protein connects the nuclear import machinery with the ribosome assembly pathway.