Experiments in mice have shown than an enzyme that repairs broken DNA inside the nucleus also has a central role in the innate immune system because it is able to detect foreign DNA outside the nucleus.

The ability of epithelial cells to distinguish between domains on opposing cell surfaces within a tissue, a property known as planar cell polarity, relies on proteins and protein complexes directing the traffic of signaling proteins to specific locations on the cell surface membrane.

Long-lived intermediate states formed by glycoprotein catalysts are an essential part of the process used by influenza virus particles to infect cells.

A cellular motor protein helps to ensure that microtubules are oriented correctly within neuronal dendrites

Charybdotoxin, a toxin produced by scorpions, blocks a K⁺ channel by binding in a lock-and-key fashion to the mouth of the channel and presenting a lysine amino group, which serves as a K⁺ mimic in the selectivity filter.

The plant hormone ethylene regulates the expression of multiple genes in the model plant Arabidopsis, including those that respond to other hormones.

Cells that give rise to the infectious form of parasitic flatworms called schistosomes show similar patterns of gene expression to stem cells in free-living flatworms.

Hundreds of cell growth and stress response genes are controlled by a rare small RNA component of an ancient splicing machinery, providing a raison d'être for its previously unexplained evolutionary conservation.

A statistical model is able to predict patterns of gene expression output in Drosophila embryos using only the cellular concentrations of transcription factors as input.

Cells from vertebrate and invertebrate model systems can be reprogrammed into stem-like cells using mouse genes.