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    1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    A chimeric nuclease substitutes a phage CRISPR-Cas system to provide sequence-specific immunity against subviral parasites

    Zachary K Barth, Maria HT Nguyen, Kimberley D Seed
    Horizontal transfer of a sequence-specific DNA-binding domain allows a virus to destroy its subviral parasite and overcome parasite-mediated restriction.
    1. Genetics and Genomics

    Multi-species, multi-transcription factor binding highlights conserved control of tissue-specific biological pathways

    Benoit Ballester, Alejandra Medina-Rivera ... Michael D Wilson
    Combinatorial transcription factor binding shared by multiple species enriches for essential biological pathways and coincides with disease-causing regulatory DNA mutations.
    1. Genetics and Genomics

    Intergenerational transport of double-stranded RNA in C. elegans can limit heritable epigenetic changes

    Nathan M Shugarts Devanapally, Aishwarya Sathya ... Antony M Jose
    Transport of double-stranded RNA from parental circulation to progeny using the transmembrane protein SID-1 can occur through multiple routes during C. elegans development and buffer heritable changes in gene expression.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Dynamically evolving novel overlapping gene as a factor in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

    Chase W Nelson, Zachary Ardern ... Xinzhu Wei
    A novel, overlapping, putatively functional gene in SARS-CoV-2, ORF3d, is absent from close relatives of SARS-CoV-2 and may have contributed to the biology, emergence, or spread of the virus.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    GENESPACE tracks regions of interest and gene copy number variation across multiple genomes

    John T Lovell, Avinash Sreedasyam ... Jeremy Schmutz
    GENESPACE lets users track related chromosomal sequences across multiple reference genomes.
    1. Ecology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Megafaunal extinctions, not climate change, may explain Holocene genetic diversity declines in Numenius shorebirds

    Hui Zhen Tan, Justin JFJ Jansen ... Frank E Rheindt
    Application of museomics facilitates characterization of the contribution of historical factors to genetic diversity declines in Numenius shorebirds and highlights that extinction of ecosystem-engineering megafauna may have been detrimental for open-landscape species.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    Baboon illustration

    The Natural History of Model Organisms: Insights into the evolution of social systems and species from baboon studies

    Julia Fischer, James P Higham ... Dietmar Zinner
    Wild baboons are an excellent model to study complex evolutionary processes such as speciation and hybridization, as well as the links between sociality, longevity and reproductive success.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Evolution of host-microbe cell adherence by receptor domain shuffling

    EmilyClare P Baker, Ryan Sayegh ... Matthew F Barber
    Rapid evolution and gene conversion of a primate cell surface receptor family blocks recognition by pathogenic bacteria.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    Deep transcriptome annotation enables the discovery and functional characterization of cryptic small proteins

    Sondos Samandi, Annie V Roy ... Xavier Roucou
    Conventional annotations of coding sequences have missed thousands of short open-reading frames encoding proteins that are conserved and with specific functions.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Combinations of Spok genes create multiple meiotic drivers in Podospora

    Aaron A Vogan, S Lorena Ament-Velásquez ... Hanna Johannesson
    Members of a single gene family determine the genomic basis of multiple coexisting meiotic drive elements in natural populations of Podospora.