Biochemical and genetic tests have revealed that a liver protein called NTCP is a functional receptor for hepatitis B and D viruses, which should lead to an improved understanding of the infections caused by these viruses and assist the development of new intervention strategies.

Electron cryo-microscopy has been used to determine the structure of Chikungunya virus-like particles and to provide new insights into their interactions with four different antibodies.

Longevity in C. elegans is influenced not only by insulin/IGF-1 signalling, but also by CAMKII and calcineurin, acting on the same target, the transcription factor DAF-16.

Hypothemycin, which inhibits a number of protein kinases, kills the T. brucei parasites that cause sleeping sickness and reveals new therapeutic targets for the disorder.

The basal body of the type-III secretion system of Yersinia enterocolitica within bacterial membranes shows elasticity and is longer than related isolated systems.

The structure of the recombination complex responsible for flagellar antigen switching in Salmonella enterica, and the mechanism that regulates the site-specific DNA inversion reaction, have been determined.

The enzyme p97/VCP regulates the activity of the transcription factor Nrf1 to promote increased transcription of genes that encode proteasome subunits following inhibition of the proteasome.

Activation of CaMKII holoenzymes triggers the exchange of subunits with other holoenzymes, including unactivated ones, enabling the calcium-independent phosphorylation and activation of new subunits.

A small molecule, cotransin, blocks transmembrane domains form integrating into cell membranes by allosterically ‘locking’ the lateral gate of the Sec61 translocation channel.

RNA binding is a key input of an active chromatin complex and maintenance of stem cell fate.