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p21-activated kinase 3 (PAK3) is a factor related to radiation-induced cognitive decline, and it has been found that regulating it leads to the recovery of cognitive decline induced by radiation.

Genetic studies in the mouse provide a blueprint of the embryonic origins of neck muscles originating from cranial and somitic mesoderm, as well as associated connective tissue.

Innovative MRI mapping of the auditory pathway reveals that peripheral auditory structure significantly impacts the development of the central auditory-language network in children with profound sensorineural hearing loss, emphasizing the need for early speech input and tailored interventions.

The postinspiratory complex acts as an interface between the swallow pattern generator and the preBötzinger complex to coordinate swallow and breathing.

Chromatin remodeler Hmga1 has two separable functions in neural crest development, first neural crest specification at the neural plate border and later in Wnt-dependent emigration from the neural tube.

NEIL DNA glycosylases are required to counteract oxidative base damages within the mitochondrial genome to safeguard neural crest cell differentiation.

The discovery of new skeletal remains of Homo naledi in the Lesedi Chamber, South Africa, adds more evidence to our understanding of the morphology and behavior of this recently discovered species.

Local deep hypothermia combined with hibernation-mimicking cold protection is neuroprotective in a translatable large animal model of traumatic optic neuropathy.

Enantiornithine birds reached similar dietary diversity to modern birds in a similar amount of time many millions of years earlier, but how exactly they did that requires further research.

Whole-brain radiotherapy, but not glioma growth in distal region from the hippocampus, results in impaired recognition memory, which can be prevented by CSF-1R inhibitor-mediated microglia depletion.