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    1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Identification of protein-protected mRNA fragments and structured excised intron RNAs in human plasma by TGIRT-seq peak calling

    Jun Yao, Douglas C Wu ... Alan M Lambowitz
    Human plasma contains protein-protected mRNA fragments, myriad repeat RNAs, and novel intron RNAs, including a family of structured full-length excised introns, some corresponding to mirtron pre-miRNAs and agotrons.
    1. Developmental Biology
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    Nuclear crowding and nonlinear diffusion during interkinetic nuclear migration in the zebrafish retina

    Afnan Azizi, Anne Herrmann ... William A Harris
    The evolving spatial distribution of nuclei between apical and basal surfaces of the developing retinal neuroepithelium is quantitatively described by a nonlinear diffusion equation accounting for crowding within the tissue.
    1. Cell Biology

    Exploring the role of macromolecular crowding and TNFR1 in cell volume control

    Parijat Biswas, Priyanka Roy ... Deepak Kumar Sinha
    Cells adapt to extracellular hypertonicities using regulatory volume increase (RVI), and TNFR1-mediated NFkB activation is indispensable for RVI, but the increased cytoplasmic macromolecular crowding can inhibit TNFR1 signaling and prevent RVI at severe hypertonicities.
    1. Neuroscience
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    Continuous, long-term crawling behavior characterized by a robotic transport system

    James Yu, Stephanie Dancausse ... Mason Klein
    Drosophila larvae manipulated by an automated system can be observed for 30+ hr, and new analysis methods of long-timescale trajectories reveal behavioral features previously inaccessible, such as a bimodal distribution of thermal navigation efficiency in individual animals.
    1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Cell Biology

    Investigating molecular crowding within nuclear pores using polarization-PALM

    Guo Fu, Li-Chun Tu ... Siegfried M Musser
    The super-resolution fluorescence microscopy approach polarization PALM (p-PALM) reveals that macromolecular crowding and inhomogeneity within nuclear pores generate a structurally and dynamically complex permeability barrier.
    1. Neuroscience

    Discriminative stimuli are sufficient for incubation of cocaine craving

    Rajtarun Madangopal, Brendan J Tunstall ... Bruce T Hope
    Stimuli signaling reward availability potentiate and control relapse for up to 300 days of abstinence following cocaine, but not food, self-administration in rats.
    1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Cell Biology

    Dilation of fusion pores by crowding of SNARE proteins

    Zhenyong Wu, Oscar D Bello ... Erdem Karatekin
    A few SNARE complexes suffice to fuse membranes, but many more are needed to dilate the nascent fusion pore by molecular crowding for efficient neurotransmitter or hormone release during exocytosis.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Identification of an allosteric binding site on the human glycine transporter, GlyT2, for bioactive lipid analgesics

    Shannon N Mostyn, Katie A Wilson ... Robert J Vandenberg
    Identification of how bioactive lipids bind and inhibit glycine transporters has the potential to be exploited in the development of a new class of analgesics for chronic pain.
    1. Neuroscience

    One-shot generalization in humans revealed through a drawing task

    Henning Tiedemann, Yaniv Morgenstern ... Roland W Fleming
    Humans are able to generate a complete category of varied objects from just one exemplar shape, identifying and utilizing its most distinctive parts to create a coherent group, even for other observers.