The growth of multicellular bacterial structures called biofilms generates forces that deform soft material substrates and disrupt epithelial cell layers, potentially mechanically damaging host tissue.
The capacity for symbiosis between photosynthetic microalgae and early diverging lineages fungi was demonstrated with microscopy and stable isotope exchange of carbon and nitrogen.
Gene expression analysis reveals a novel, integrated molecular mechanism for much of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 that provides therapeutic intervention points that can be addressed with existing approved pharmaceuticals.