Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist and experimental model for schizophrenia, produces decision-making deficits in monkeys, which are predicted by a lowering of cortical excitation-inhibition balance in a spiking circuit model.

A series of quantitative behavioural and opto-physiological analyses using a novel robot microscope system reveals that C. elegans computes the time-differential and time-integral of sensory information for decision-making during olfactory navigation.

Perceptual decision making, even in simple scenarios, is affected by sensory and decisional choice biases.

Dopamine attenuates exploration during decision-making via a reduction of neural tracking of uncertainty.

A direct relationship between pupil diameter and electrophysiological correlates of attention, sensory stimulus processing and target detection was observed demonstrating that arousal has a substantial influence on perceptual decision-making.

Older adults show reduced adaptation of decision-making strategies to dynamically changing situational demands.

Temporal uncertainty interferes with the timely onset of evidence accumulation in perceptual decision making prompting the brain to rely instead on statistical regularities in the temporal structure of the environment.

In a new evidence-accumulation decision-making task, activity of the lateral posterior cerebellum is necessary for accurate performance, and somatic and dendritic activity in Purkinje cells contains choice/evidence and error-related information.

Activity in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus reflects the choices and outcomes of previous trials in a decision making task, and affects upcoming choices.

Computational modeling of behavioral and neural data from monkeys points towards a flat decision-making process in which the brain considers all possible final outcomes simultaneously.