Upon injury, the regeneration of the adult axolotl brain rebuilds neuronal diversity, but alters the original long-distance circuitry and tissue architecture.
Phenotypic diversity and cell state transition (i.e., acquisition of a CD44+/CD24- cell state or exposure to TGF-beta) can spur intra-tumor genetic heterogeneity and contribute to acquired resistance.
The Atlantic herring has the lowest mutation rate yet estimated in a vertebrate species and this partially explains its moderate nucleotide diversity given the large population size.
Empirical evidence shows that conserving local plant diversity is a robust strategy to maintain multiple valuable ecosystem services provided by soils in both present and future environmental conditions.
Sequencing mRNA from thousands of single cells from the Drosophila brain highlights the extent of cellular diversity and reveals co-expression of specific neuropeptides with particular fast-acting neurotransmitters and monoamines.
An experimentally constrained model shows that Escherichia coli faces fitness trade-offs in chemotaxis behaviors, and that adaptation of phenotypic diversity through altered gene regulation permits populations to resolve these trade-offs.
A transcriptome dataset of nearly 200 genetically identified mouse neuronal cell types revealed that short low-noise homeobox transcription factors and long neuronal effector genes best distinguish neuronal cell types.
Crystal structures of γ-protocadherin cell-cell recognition dimers reveal the determinants of clustered protocadherin homophilic specificity and cis interaction region structures alongside mutagenesis data identify the putative cis interface.
Eukaryotic pathogens, like Cryptococcus deuterogattii, can use elevated mutation rates to more rapidly adapt to stresses, such as drug challenges, but at the cost of lower fitness in less stressful environments.
In a minimalistic, generic model of competitive communities in which evolution is constrained by life-history trade-offs, stable biodiversity emerges with species adapted to different functional niches.
