Activation of TRPA1 channels on cerebral capillary endothelial cells initiates a retrograde signal that propagates and dilates upstream arterioles.

Extracellular levels of the neurotransmitter glutamate are maintained at physiologically significant levels at some synapses even in the absence of action potentials.

Genetic analyses in mice identifies Rlim in the spermatogenic cell lineage as a regulator of cytoplasmic reduction during spermiogenesis.

The chestnut blight fungus has successfully established an intermediary, diverse European bridgehead population, giving rise to a highly invasive clonal lineage spreading across southeastern Europe.

Warm-activated parabrachial neurons contain overlapping dynorphin and enkephalin expressing subpopulations, project to preoptic hypothalamus, and mediate behavioral and physiological thermal defenses behaviors.

Base editors, with improved specificity and expanded PAM sequence recognition, can be used in zebrafish for the rapid and efficient introduction of single base pair mutations.

Fast fluctuations of oxygen, linked to behavioral and neural dynamics in vivo, cause phasic transients is amperometry-measured cholinergic signals via the mechanism of non-steady-state enzyme kinetics in the choline-oxidase-based biosensor.

Quantitative measurement of epigenetic memory and inheritance dynamics.

Heterochromatin proteins compartmentalize DNA into compact structures resistant to mechanical disruption but susceptible to competitive dissolution.