Common mouse models of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have variable ability to recapitulate the increased GnRH pulse generator frequency thought to exist in women with PCOS.

Kiss1^ARH neurons transition from synchronous to burst firing under preovulatory levels of E2, causing a shift from peptidergic to glutamatergic transmission that drives the GnRH surge through enhanced glutamate neurotransmission.

A new genetically encoded sensor robustly detects exogenously applied PAC1R ligands in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo (in zebrafishes and mice) serving as a useful resource for probing PAC1R functions.

Identification of activity-dependent transcriptional changes in striatal neurons reveals a conserved functional enhancer for prodynorphin.

Neuropeptide Y-expressing interneurons in the spinal dorsal horn have a broad inhibitory role, suppressing pruritogen-evoked itch and reducing behavioural signs of acute, inflammatory, and neuropathic pain.

The pulsatile activities of kisspeptin neurons, the central pacemaker activities of reproductive functions, show unexpected robustness in terms of frequency, but a tendency for the intensity to decline, during the transition to reproductive senescence in mice.

Single-nucleus sequencing, anatomy, and physiology reveal heterogeneity among olivocochlear neurons (a group of cells that provide feedback to the inner ear), identify a neuropeptide-enriched subtype, and show that neuropeptide expression changes during postnatal development and after sound exposure.

Neural circuit research reveals a previously unrecognized role for the LPBCCK-PVN pathway in controlling defensive behaviors.