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    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Translation of 5′ leaders is pervasive in genes resistant to eIF2 repression

    Dmitry E Andreev, Patrick BF O'Connor ... Pavel V Baranov
    Most of the mRNAs whose translation is resistant to the stress-induced repression of protein synthesis contain upstream open reading frames that are efficiently translated under normal conditions.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Translational Control: An emergency brake for protein synthesis

    Vladislava Hronová, Leoš Shivaya Valášek
    The integrated stress response is able to rapidly shut down the synthesis of proteins in eukaryotic cells.
    Version of Record
    Insight
    1. Genetics and Genomics

    Reprogramming of translation in yeast cells impaired for ribosome recycling favors short, efficiently translated mRNAs

    Swati Gaikwad, Fardin Ghobakhlou ... Alan G Hinnebusch
    A mutant impaired for ribosome recycling exhibits translational reprogramming wherein strong mRNAs outcompete weak mRNAs, also observed when preinitiation complexes are diminished by eIF2α phosphorylation or 40S ribosomal subunit depletion.
    1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    TASEP modelling provides a parsimonious explanation for the ability of a single uORF to derepress translation during the integrated stress response

    Dmitry E Andreev, Maxim Arnold ... Pavel V Baranov
    A model reveals how translation of an mRNA leader could provide resistance to global downregulation of translation.
    1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Structures of translationally inactive mammalian ribosomes

    Alan Brown, Matthew R Baird ... Sichen Shao
    Mining electron cryomicroscopy data reveals new ribosomal interactions that preclude translation to potentially regulate gene expression.
    1. Cell Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Pharmacological brake-release of mRNA translation enhances cognitive memory

    Carmela Sidrauski, Diego Acosta-Alvear ... Peter Walter
    A compound that prevents stressors such as UV light and viral infection from downregulating protein synthesis inside cells improves memory performance in mice.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    Yeast Ded1 promotes 48S translation pre-initiation complex assembly in an mRNA-specific and eIF4F-dependent manner

    Neha Gupta, Jon R Lorsch, Alan G Hinnebusch
    Yeast RNA helicase Ded1 stimulates ribosome recruitment of structure-laden native mRNAs in a reconstituted system by interactions between domains in Ded1 and initiation factor eIF4G that stabilizes a Ded1-eIF4F complex.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Dual tRNA mimicry in the Cricket Paralysis Virus IRES uncovers an unexpected similarity with the Hepatitis C Virus IRES

    Vera P Pisareva, Andrey V Pisarev, Israel S Fernández
    A conformational change in the Cricket Paralysis Virus IRES upon double translocation in the ribosome uncovers an unexpected similarity with the Hepatitis C Virus IRES.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    A point mutation in the nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B constitutively activates the integrated stress response by allosteric modulation

    Morgane Boone, Lan Wang ... Michael Schoof
    Genetically induced conformational modulation of eIF2B activates the Integrated Stress Response by impairing nucleotide exchange.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Cell Biology

    Translation inhibitory elements from Hoxa3 and Hoxa11 mRNAs use uORFs for translation inhibition

    Fatima Alghoul, Schaeffer Laure ... Franck Martin
    Hoxa3 and Hoxa11 translation inhibitory elements block cap-dependent translation by using upstream open reading frames with distinct modes of action.