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The immediate response of the brain to a sudden, harmful drop in oxygen supply is the addition of SUMO proteins to sodium ion channels in neurons, increasing their activity.

FlyBrainLab is an open-source computing platform that integrates 3D exploration and visualization of diverse Drosophila connectomic/synaptomic datasets with interactive exploration of the functional logic of modeled executable brain circuits.

The transcription factor Olig3 safeguards the correct specification of early born cerebellar neuron derivatives and curtails an inhibitory interneuron differentiation program.

Signaling from glia and nerves regulate the development of axonal and dendritic motor neuron architecture, needed for walking in the fruit fly species Drosophila.

A match between neuronal variability and tuning enables optimized coding of natural self-motion in early vestibular pathways.

A new system for tagging activated neuronal population offers multiple advantages over existing systems based on immediate early genes, including greater sensitivity and specificity, and suitability for easy application in species other than mice.

In vivo stem cell reprogramming in the well-studied stem cell NB7-1 using the classic temporal transcription factor Hunchback increases motor neuron number and re-specifies dendritic morphology and neuromuscular synaptic partnerships.

Rather than acting as passive and neutral co-factors for proneural proteins, E proteins play an active role in modulating the way the distinct proneural proteins instruct neurogenesis.

Neural progenitors reside in relative low oxygen in the subgranular zone (SGZ), and the higher tissue oxygen levels that these cells must face as they migrate away from the hypoxic areas and differentiate appear to cause oxidative damage and an early phase of cell death.

Neurons that transmit information from the retina to other parts of the brain are more affected by anesthesia than previously thought.