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The gene regulatory network of Nodal signaling, underpinning body axes patterning, was evolved specifically in cephalochordate lineage.

Hypotheses on brain homologies between insects and vertebrates are tested by comparing gene expression patterns from flies and beetles with those from vertebrates at early neuroectoderm stages.

Interest in the ecology, biology and evolution of amphioxus is growing, and the availability of several species is helping to improve our understanding of chordate evolution.

Understanding novel cell types and their evolutionary history is re-evaluated using single nuclei transcriptomic approaches and their inferred underlying gene regulatory networks.

A study of sea urchin and sea star larvae paves the way for understanding how cell types evolve and give rise to novel morphologies.

Mathematical methods reveal common underlying principles in diverse models of intracellular actin waves.

Plasma membrane damage causes the release of exosomes from cultured human cells.

Ancient animal Dicer used its helicase domain to couple the detection of foreign double-stranded RNA to efficient ATP hydrolysis and antiviral defense, but this function declined before the advent of deuterostomes and vertebrates.

Expression patterns and biophysical properties of acid-sensing ion channels in numerous bilaterian animals offer insight into the deployment of ion channels by the evolving nervous system in complex animals.