A plant pathogen effector evolved a short linear motif to subvert autophagic defenses by antagonising a host cargo receptor.

Allelic MLA immune receptors have an exceptional propensity to directly detect sequence-unrelated pathogen effectors and this feature might have facilitated functional diversification of the receptor in the host population.

In wild baboons, a female's adverse early experiences can influence her offspring's survival years after the original adversity was experienced.

Structural and biochemical analysis of a protein called Ecp6, which is produced by a tomato fungus, reveals how the protein prevents plants from launching an immune response to the chitin in fungal cell walls.

The impact of changing gene expression noise on fitness reveals beneficial or deleterious effects in a stable environment depending how close the average expression level is to the fitness optimum.

Many of the effects of intelligence on health and social outcomes later in life are mediated via education.

The adaptive value of social behaviour exhibited in adult life varies with conditions experienced in early life, and poorer conditions may promote conflict over cooperation.

The consequences of real-world biodiversity change for ecosystem functioning depend on the type of global change driver and can be particularly significant when human activities decrease biodiversity.

Set size effects in visual working memory are explained as a resource-rational trade-off between an error-based behavioral cost and a neural encoding cost.

Proliferation and differentiation of CD8⁺ T cells into terminal effectors occurs in the marginal zone and red pulp, and is promoted by IL-12 through direct and indirect mechanisms.