Multiple enhancers in physical proximity can reinforce shared transcriptional 'hubs' to preserve their transcriptional output, providing a buffer during environmental stresses and genetic perturbations to preserve phenotypic robustness.
Sox2 transcription is not correlated with spatial proximity of its essential regulatory enhancer in embryonic stem cells, suggesting gene transcription is not limited to periods of direct enhancer-promoter contact.
A novel transposon-based enhancer trap screen in mice permits high throughput development of highly restricted driver strains targeting specific neuronal cell types.
Lattice light-sheet single-molecule imaging shows 3D Sox2 enhancer clusters in live embryonic stem cells and reveals a model linking 3D spatial distribution of cis-elements, differential target search features and localized gene regulation.
Arid3a, a component of H3K9 me3 demethylases, regulates regeneration of the proximal nephric tubule through the evolutionarily conserved regeneration signal-response enhancer.
Analysis of zebrafish periderm enhancers illuminates the conserved DNA of epithelial enhancers across species and prioritizes orofacial-cleft-associated regulatory variants near KRT18/KRT8.
FGF signalling is responsible for priming the developmental enhancer ZRS across the distal limb mesenchyme during development, allowing ETS factors to modulate its activity through balancing histone acetylation.
Mathematical modeling of mutagenesis data for a suite of enhancers uncovers new relationships between the binding sites of transcription factors that help in genome-wide prediction of enhancers.
MLL4 (KMT2D) is a major mammalian H3K4 mono- and di-methyltransferase that is essential for enhancer activation, cell-type-specific gene expression, and cell differentiation.
