A unique form of regulation has been observed in the unfolded protein response of S. pombe, along with a novel mechanism of post-transcriptional mRNA processing.

Similarities in the way that nucleosomes are organized into chromatin in archaea and eukaryotes suggest that chromatin might have been involved in gene regulation before its role in DNA packaging evolved.

Islands of non-methylated DNA are shown to perform a similar epigenetic role in many different vertebrate species.

The strain of Phytophthora infestans that caused the Great Famine in the late 1840s was caused by a single genotype that is distinct from, but closely related to, the most prevalent modern genotype.

The divergence of gene regulation during evolution in yeast traces phylogenetic distance with prominent changes being associated with changes in lifestyle and a whole genome duplication event.

A DNA transposon, or ‘jumping gene’, controls its amplification within a genome through a competition between the enzyme multimers that are responsible for its mobility.

C. elegans equalizes the expression of X-chromosome genes between the sexes by reducing the recruitment of RNA polymerase II to promoters of X-linked genes in hermaphrodites, using a chromosome-restructuring complex called condensin.

Computational modelling indicates that C₄ photosynthesis in distantly related plant species arose through a number of independent evolutionary paths.