Enzyme evolution is reversible on a structural and functional (phenotypic) level, but through a different mutational pathway that leads to genotypic incompatibility with the ancestor.

Molecular and electrophysiological evidence shows that Kv3 subunits contribute critically to ultrashort action potential waveforms and high-frequency firing in large projection neurons in zebra finch motor nuclei controlling song production and somatic movements.

Single molecule subunit counting, FRET and electrophysiology experiments reveal that metabotropic glutamate receptor subunits interact and rearrange at the level of the transmembrane domains in response to allosteric modulators.

Honey bee queens adjust the provisioning of their eggs based on their perception of colony size via upregulation of metabolism, protein transport, and cytoskeletal reorganization, including the small GTPase Rho1.

Conventional studies have focused on enzymatic residues directly involved in catalysis; dissecting a potential interaction network within which these ‘catalytic residues’ are embedded provides insights fundamental to enzyme function, evolution, and engineering.

A computational method for predicting evolutionary pathways to antimicrobial resistance, accounting for how epistatic interactions determine trajectories, is described.

A transcriptional coactivator turns into a repressor at specific genes in colorectal cancer cells.

Increased catalysis has been suggested to be an adaptive trait of enzymes to growth at lower temperature, but systematic analysis suggests that temperature exerts a weak selection pressure on enzyme rate enhancement, with observed variation arising from other evolutionary forces.

Constraint-based modelling predicts C4 photosynthesis evolves under resource limitation from an ancestral ground state of C3 photosynthesis and attributes divergent metabolic routes in extant C4 subtypes to light.