Transposable elements are not reactivated in natural hybrids of the yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus, but their accumulation is genotype-specific and is not predicted by the evolutionary divergence between a hybrid's parents.

A simple model reveals the roles of colony geometry and diffusion rate in allowing microbes to cooperate by sharing public goods.

Basalins are intrinsically disordered proteins with astonishingly high-sequence divergence that are essential for building the transition zone basal plate and for proper central pair nucleation.

Human vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) has a four transmembrane domain topology that supports the use of a homology model, enabling identification of active site residues and human variant impact.

In an in vitro RNA replication system, an RNA spontaneously diversifies and continuously evolves through coevolution with parasitic entities.

The examination of the ultra-structure and in vivo dynamics of endocytosis in plants reveal plants unique actin-independent, clathrin-mediated endocytosis mechanisms to overcome their unique physiological properties.

Nematode hermaphroditism has co-evolved with a self-sperm sensing mechanism that protects hermaphrodites from the detrimental effects of mating with males.

The conserved biochemical activity of the duplicate Bab transcription factors were integrated into the regulatory hierarchy of an evolving gene regulatory network by binding site gains in a target gene's cis-regulatory region.

Evolutionary reconstruction of the ecdysis pathway shows that its major elements are present in the majority of metazoans, providing evidence that they originated much earlier than currently assumed.

Computer simulations of the evolution of broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV suggest that non-traditional pathways involving framework mutations which lead initially to increased antibody flexibility do occur, but can be avoided by appropriate vaccine design.