Seemingly contradictory findings of single-molecule and in vivo experiments on a major mechanism of chromosome organization are reconciled by computationally investigating mechanisms of loop extrusion that are consistent with both.

Nodal signaling regulates gastrulation cell behaviors largely in parallel with planar cell polarity signaling and is sufficient for ex vivo extension of embryonic explants.

Disrupting extrusion, a process that drives epithelial cell death, leads to increased cell survival, poor barrier function, and enhanced cell invasion and, thereby, promotes tumor initiation and progression.

X-ray crystallography has been used to observe the synthesis of RNA in the absence of enzymes with atomic resolution.

The deacetylase Sir2 fine-tunes transcription of PMA1 and other aging related genes in a cAMP-PKA and CK2 signaling dependent manner.

Relying on RNA fragments derived from degradation or partial template copying, non-enzymatic primer extension with strand displacement offers a novel and prebiotically plausible approach to RNA self-replication.

Analysing Myosin II unipolar planar polarisation with high spatial and temporal resolution during Drosophila axis extension reveals how tissue boundaries drive polarized cell intercalation while limiting cell mixing.

A rare example of direct transdifferentiation is discovered in zebrafish in which kidney epithelial cells change into an endocrine gland and undergo live-cell extrusion from the renal tubule.

Loop extrusion can robustly compact, segregate and disentangle mammalian chromosomes, suggesting it is a universal mechanism of genome folding during cell division.

Cytosolic and organellar Hsp90s from higher eukaryotes have evolved a variable, and environmentally responsive N-terminal extension to regulate their activity.