The extra dimensions in protein sequence space open up indirect paths of adaptation and alleviate the constraint on the selective accessibility to high fitness genotypes.

Chemical perturbation-dependent deep mutational scanning data collected by a lab-based interdisciplinary graduate class resolves a paradox between the high evolution conservation and the high mutational tolerance of the protein ubiquitin.

Whole genome deep sequencing of many longitudinally sampled HIV-1 populations reveals that reversions towards ancestral HIV-1 genome sequences occur throughout the course of infection.

A new mathematical approach can infer higher order genetic interactions from pairwise fitness comparisons between genotypes.

When an essential metabolic gene in E. coli is mutationally inactivated, subsequent evolution rarely reverts the mutation to wild type but rather follows unexpected paths that rewire metabolic fluxes.

Editors, reviewers and authors share their experiences of consultative peer review at eLife.

We identify key strengths and limitations in use of viral genotyping and phenotyping to estimate pandemic risk from influenza A viruses, focusing on 3 traits, hemagglutinin binding specificity, hemagglutinin pH of activation, and polymerase complex efficiency.

A description of evolution that is based on birth-death processes, and in which fitness is at most a derived quantity, is advocated.

Proteasomes are protected from autophagic elimination upon carbon starvation by sequestration into cytoplasmic storage granules, which aid cell fitness by providing a cache of proteasomes that can be rapidly remobilized when carbon availability improves.