DNA sequencing of the yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) genome reveals convergent genomic changes, biochemical pathways, mutations, and substrate-binding orientations responsible for caffeine biosynthesis when compared to coffee and tea plants.

Phytoplasma effector SAP54 hijacks previously unknown MADS-box protein roles in plant-insect interactions by modulating plant biotic stress responses to male leafhoppers and facilitating female attraction and reproduction on male-exposed leaves.

Behavioral studies reveal that bumblebees distinguish between continuous and interrupted strings by using a combination of image matching and associative learning.

Electrophysiological and behavioral analyses of odor-evoked responses in the locust olfactory system reveal how serotonin uniformly modifies spontaneous and odor-evoked neural activity and yet drive odor-specific changes in behavioral outcomes.

A comparison between artificially created allopolyploids and natural ones reveals that the latter underwent significant evolutionary steps after their formation.

Bees are at risk of consuming harmful pesticides found in nectar because they cannot detect them using their mouthparts.