Long-term live imaging in intact developing Drosophila brains reveals a role for N-Cadherin-mediated fast filopodial dynamics and growth cone stabilization during neural circuit assembly.

Live imaging and genetic analyses revealed that notochord vacuoles play a critical role in spine morphogenesis by absorbing vertebral bone growth, thus implicating notochord mechanics in congenital scoliosis.

Akt mediated S14 phosphorylation of Id2 augments its protein stability and growth cone localization, promoting growth cone formation and axon growth in the developing neuron and contributing to axon regeneration in the damaged hippocampus slice.

Fibroblast growth factor induces dephosphorylation and inactivation of the NPR2 guanylyl cyclase, thus decreasing cyclic GMP production in growth plate chondrocytes and contributing to FGF-dependent decreases in bone growth.

Direct observation in the developing fly brain indicates that the response of a growth cone in a gradient of a guidance cue is adhesion to the source of the cue rather than attraction by the gradient.

Sequential live imaging of abnormal skull bone fusion in zebrafish reveals a deeply conserved role of two transcription factors, Twist1 and Tcf12, in regulating stem cell activity during growth of the skull.

Lasso and latrophilin-1 interact across the synapse, while shed Lasso binds latrophilin-1 on distant growth cones and attracts them, providing a universal mechanism for short- and long-range axonal guidance.

A distinctive novel mechanism of ephrin-A/EphA signaling modulation in retinal growth cones ensures concurrent quantitative accuracy and adaptability of topographic hardwiring.

Genetic analyses in mice reveal a communication system between the knee joint and the developing bones that could be explored in studies addressing evolutionary changes in body proportions and in future therapies for growth disorders.

Timing in the formation of neurons influences synaptic connectivity.